Efficient LAN structures 高效的LAN結(jié)構(gòu) With ‘Fibre to the Office’, more future in the network 因為“光纖到辦公室”，光纖在未來會使用的更多 The innovation cycles are becoming ever shorter. Whereas active network components can be adapted relatively easily to the changed requirements, building cabling is very static and can only be modified with huge effort. Fibre optic is the only medium that ideally fulfils future requirements. 創(chuàng)新周期變得越來越短。而動態(tài)網(wǎng)絡(luò)元件能很容易的適應(yīng)相對的改變要求。樓層布線是靜態(tài)的，需要花很大功夫才能修改。光纖是唯一最符合未來要求的介質(zhì)。 The transmission bandwidths in corporate networks (LANs) are increasing; with the constant spread of Thin Clients, the relevant applications are also being transmitted in addition to data. This is supplemented by current applications such as IP telephony, which places high demands on transmission times (delay) and availability and thus requires future-oriented network structures. 企業(yè)網(wǎng)絡(luò)（LANs）的傳輸帶寬正在不斷增加；隨著瘦客戶機(jī)的不斷蔓延，除數(shù)據(jù)外，相關(guān)的應(yīng)用也在傳輸。這由當(dāng)前的應(yīng)用補(bǔ)充，例如IP電話，它非常依賴傳輸時間(延遲)和可用性。因此需要有面向未來的網(wǎng)絡(luò)結(jié)構(gòu)。 If the volatility of these developments is taken into account, it soon becomes clear that a future-proof approach needs to be found in the planning of local network structures that specifically takes into account the scalability and upgradeability of the network. With the prevailing rate of innovation, a network is already out-of-date after just two to three years. 如果將這些發(fā)展的變化性也考慮到的話。那樣，很快就會明確的發(fā)現(xiàn)，在規(guī)劃本地網(wǎng)絡(luò)結(jié)構(gòu)時，需要找到一個由未來保證的方法，特別是要考慮到網(wǎng)絡(luò)的可擴(kuò)展性和可升級性。隨著創(chuàng)新速度的加快，一個網(wǎng)絡(luò)在兩三年后就將被淘汰。 Hardware upgrades of the active network components to new technologies can usually be realised with less effort. Primarily, the trend in which functionality is increasingly determined by software or firmware facilitates the implementation of new innovation advances. The exchange or addition of new components can also be carried out easily. 將動態(tài)網(wǎng)絡(luò)組件的硬件升級到新技術(shù)，通?？梢允掳牍Ρ兜膶崿F(xiàn)。首先，在目前的趨勢中，功能越來越取決于軟件或固件，從而便于實施新的創(chuàng)新進(jìn)步。并且還可以很容易的交換或增加新的部件。 Passive building cabling, however, is subject to entirely different innovation cycles. Unlike with the active technology, a rapid changeover in ongoing operations is not conceivable here. For this reason, the planning of passive cabling needs to be designed in such a way that operation is possible over a much longer period. The efficiency of a passive LAN network still needs to be guaranteed long after it has been installed. 然而，被動樓層布線是屬于一個完全不同的創(chuàng)新周期。不像動態(tài)的技術(shù)，它的創(chuàng)新速度超乎人的想象。因此，被動布線在規(guī)劃時，需要設(shè)計成一個長時期有效的形式。被動LAN的有效性在安裝后，必須保證很長的時間。 Fibre optic as building infrastructure 光纖作為樓層的基礎(chǔ)結(jié)構(gòu) Fibre optic is the only medium that ideally fulfils the aforementioned requirements. The most important feature of the fibre optic is its high bandwidth in combination with great transmission lengths. Problems such as sensitivity to electro-magnetic disruptions, interfering signal transmissions (EMV), potential differences and grounding errors can thus not occur in the first place. 光纖是符合上述要求的唯一最好介質(zhì)。光纖最重要的一個特點是在長距離傳輸時，也有高帶寬。像電磁干擾的靈敏度、干擾信號的播送（EMV）、潛在的分歧和接地錯誤等問題不會出現(xiàn)。 Particularly with regard to the rapidly growing capacity requirements of modern data networks, the aforementioned features of the fibre optics cannot be reached by any other technology. Consequently, the installation of a continuous fibre optic network means a long-term safeguarding of investment for the operator. 特別是對于現(xiàn)代數(shù)據(jù)網(wǎng)絡(luò)容量需求的迅速增長，光纖的上述功能是其他的任何技術(shù)無法取代的。因此，安裝一個連續(xù)的光纖網(wǎng)絡(luò)對經(jīng)營者來說，是一個長期的安全投資。 Both for existing and newly planned networks, an intelligent combination of twisted pair and fibre optic cabling represents the best solution. Through a series of aids such as central medium converters and workgroup switches with fibre optic uplink, a cost-attractive and future-proof network can be realised. 對現(xiàn)有的和新規(guī)劃的網(wǎng)絡(luò)來說，智能的結(jié)合雙絞線與光纖布線是最佳的解決方案。通過一系列的援助，如中心媒體轉(zhuǎn)換器和有光纖上行的工作組交換機(jī)。這樣就可以實現(xiàn)一個成本低，且有未來保證的網(wǎng)絡(luò)。 The ‘classically’ structured cabling envisages a hierarchical structure that branches out from the primary backbone area via the secondary distributor area to the tertiary participant connection. Fibre optic is only used in the primary and secondary distributor area in this concept. The tertiary level area, however, is used in copper technology. 傳統(tǒng)的結(jié)構(gòu)化布線設(shè)想了一個層次結(jié)構(gòu)。在該結(jié)構(gòu)中，使通過二級分配領(lǐng)域到第三級的連接，實現(xiàn)從主干網(wǎng)絡(luò)進(jìn)行分支。在這個理念中，光纖是只用在主干和二級分配領(lǐng)域。第三層領(lǐng)域是用銅技術(shù)。 However, such a structure has a low level of flexibility in the transfer to new technologies, as the sub-divisions in the levels also need to be taken into account, in addition to the main distributor. The use of copper cables also limits the capacity of the implemented lines. 但是，這種結(jié)構(gòu)在轉(zhuǎn)移到新技術(shù)的靈活性很低，除主分支外，該水平的分支也需要考慮到。銅電纜的使用也限制了執(zhí)行線路的容量。 With new technologies such as 10 Gigabit Ethernet in the backbone area, more and more gigabit connections are also being realised within the building. This means that the role of the fibre optic is becoming increasingly important. The modular design of optical connections in the form of pluggable receivables (SFPs) has played an important role in this. 隨著在骨干領(lǐng)域使用像萬兆以太網(wǎng)之類的新技術(shù)，在建筑里，越來越多的實現(xiàn)了千兆連接。這意味著光纖的角色正變得越來越重要。光纖連接的模塊化設(shè)計（可插拔SFPs）在這里面發(fā)揮了重要的作用。 Fibre to the Office 光纖到辦公室 In contrast to the ‘classical’ concept, there is a contemporary approach that uses the superiority of fibre optic. In the concept of ‘Fibre to the Office’ (FTTO), the fibre optic is installed continuously from the central building distributor to the final area. This is possible without further active intermediate distributors due to the features of fibre optics. The entire network thus consists of a single star, going out directly from the central distributor. 與‘傳統(tǒng)’概念相比，這里有一種利用光纖優(yōu)勢的當(dāng)代方式。在‘光纖到辦公室’（FTTO）的概念中，光纖是不斷的從中央大樓分配處安裝到最后領(lǐng)域。由于光纖的鈣功能，就可以不再需要動態(tài)的中間分配器。這樣包括單一星符的整個網(wǎng)絡(luò)可以從中心分配器直接出去。 This approach results in considerable cost benefits, as the active intermediate converters are no longer necessary and thus acquisition, installation and maintenance costs are reduced. By foregoing level sub-distributors, less space is required. Further measures such as access controls, fire protection, air conditioning, protected electricity supply, etc. are superfluous, which means that operating costs can be drastically reduced. 這種方法意味著在相當(dāng)大的成本效益。因為不再需要動態(tài)的中間轉(zhuǎn)換器，這樣采購、安裝及維修成本也不斷降低。通過前述的子分配器，只需要較小的空間。諸如訪問控制、消防、空氣調(diào)節(jié)裝置、保障電力供應(yīng)等進(jìn)一步措施已不再需要。這意味著經(jīng)營成本也可以大幅降低。 Furthermore, the centralised structure means that the administration and the scalability of a network can be carried out more easily. This flexibility and future-proofness is an important aspect, as transfers to new technologies can be done simply through the exchange of active network components whilst maintaining the passive cabling. 此外，中央管理結(jié)構(gòu)意味著網(wǎng)絡(luò)的管理和可擴(kuò)展性可以很容易的實現(xiàn)。靈活性和未來保證是一<